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1.surmise(v.)[sɚˋmaɪz]
to decide that something is true without having complete information or proof
eg.There's so little to go on, we can only surmise what happened. 
 
2.outburst(n.) [ˋaʊt͵bɝst] 
a sudden, violent expression of emotion, esp. anger
eg.There was an outburst of laughter in the hall.
 
3.ovation(n.) [oˋveʃən]
loud clapping that expresses a crowd’s great enjoyment or approval of something
eg.The final piece won her a rapturous ovation from the audience.
4.subsidiary(n.) [səbˋsɪdɪ͵ɛrɪ]
a company that is owned by a larger company
eg.The company placed much money in its foreign subsidiary.

1.gratifying(adj.)[ˋgrætə͵faɪɪŋ]
to please someone, or to satisfy a wish or need
eg.We took a chance and we've won. It's very gratifying.
 
2.turbulence(n.)[ˋtɝbjələns]
a state of confusion and lack of order
eg.The turbulence in his life has come from accidents and illness.

1.constituent(n.)[kənˋstɪtʃʊənt]
a person represented by an elected official
eg.Caffeine is the active constituent of drinks such as tea and coffee.

1.disregard(n.)[͵dɪsrɪˋgɑrd]
lack of consideration or respect
eg.Her actions manifested a complete disregard for personal safety.
2.inaction(n.)[ɪnˋækʃən]
 failure to do anything that might provide a solution to a problem
eg.The shame which he suffered as a result of his inaction recalled him to a sense of duty.
3.negligence(n.)[ˋnɛglɪdʒəns]
 failing to be careful enough or to give enough attention to your responsibilities, esp. when this results in harm or loss to others
eg.The burden of proof lay on the plaintiff to prove negligence.
4.cozy(adj.)[ˋkozɪ]
comfortable, pleasant, and inviting, esp. (of a room or building) because small and warm
eg.The room has a nice cozy feel.

1.impediment(n.)[ɪmˋpɛdəmənt]
something that makes progress or movement difficult or impossible
eg.The new taxes were a major impediment to economic growth.

2.premium(n.)[ˋprimɪəm]
an amount of money paid at regular times to insure (= protect against risk) your health or life, or your home or possessions
eg. You have to pay a premium for express delivery.
3.reimbursement(n.)[͵riɪmˋbɝsmənt]
the act of paying back, or the money that is paid back
eg.He received reimbursement for his travel expenses.
4.municipal(adj.)[mjuˋnɪsəp!]
of or belonging to a town or city
eg.The municipal authorities have kept the roads up well.
5.infer(v.)

1.headquarters(n.)[ˋhɛdˋkwɔrtɚz]
the main offices or center of operations of an organization, such as the army, police, or a company
eg. Several great guns from the headquarters are coming to see us today.
2.mischief(n.)[ˋmɪstʃɪf]
 behavior, esp. of a child, that is slightly bad or causes trouble but is not intended to harm anyone
eg.Nobody took notice of the mischief of the matter.
3.vacant(adj.)[ˋvekənt]
(of a place) not being lived in or used, or (of a job or office) available for someone to do
eg.The top post in the delegation was still

1. plague (v.) [pleg]
to cause someone or something difficulty or suffering, esp. repeatedly or continually
ex.She was plagued by weakness, fatigue, and dizziness.
 
2. plunder (v.) [ˋplʌndɚ]
to steal goods forcefully from a place, esp. during a war
ex.They plundered and burned the market town of Leominster. 
 
3. descend (v.) [dɪˋsɛnd]
to go down or come down something 
ex.Things are cooler and more damp as we descend to the cellar.
 
4. reverberation (n.) [rɪ͵vɝbəˋreʃən]
 (of sound) to continue to be heard; to echo repeatedly
ex.The move by the two London colleges is sending reverberations through higher education. 
 
5. muster (v.)  [ˋmʌstɚ] 
 to produce or encourage an emotion or support for something
ex.He traveled around West Africa trying to muster support for his movement.