1.surmise(v.)[sɚˋmaɪz]
to decide that something is true without having complete information or proof
eg.There's so little to go on, we can only surmise what happened.
2.outburst(n.) [ˋaʊt͵bɝst]
a sudden, violent expression of emotion, esp. anger
eg.There was an outburst of laughter in the hall.
3.ovation(n.) [oˋveʃən]
loud clapping that expresses a crowd’s great enjoyment or approval of something
eg.The final piece won her a rapturous ovation from the audience.
4.subsidiary(n.) [səbˋsɪdɪ͵ɛrɪ]
a company that is owned by a larger company
eg.The company placed much money in its foreign subsidiary.
5.representative(n.) [rɛprɪˋzɛntətɪv]
a member of the US House of Representatives; a congressman or congresswoman
eg.He is a representative for a large steel company.
6.recognition(n.) [͵rɛkəgˋnɪʃən]
the fact of knowing who a person is or what a thing is because of having seen or experienced that person or thing before
eg. His recitals have earned him recognition as a talented performer.
7.tarnish(v.) [ˋtɑrnɪʃ]
(of metal surfaces) to become less bright or a different color
eg. Moisture leads to the tarnish of the silverware.
8.obscene(adj.)[əbˋsin]
offensive, rude, or disgusting according to accepted moral standards
eg. His writings were branded as obscene and a blasphemy against God.
9.constitutional(adj.)[͵kɑnstəˋtjuʃən!]
relating to or following the rules of the US Constitution
eg.This chapter will explore the statutory and constitutional implications of these restrictions.
10.assurance(n.)[əˋʃʊrəns]
a promise to tell something to someone confidently or firmly, or a promise to cause someone to feel certain by removing doubt
eg.The young teacher lacked assurance in front of his class.
11.tactics(n.) [ˋtæktɪks]
a specific action intended to get a particular result
eg.His opponent couldn't stand up to his varied and fast-changing tactics.
12.altitude(n.)[ˋæltə͵tjud]
height above sea level
eg.The plane was flying at an altitude of 2000 meters.
13.punctual(adj.)[ˋpʌŋktʃʊəl]
arriving, doing something, or happening at the expected or correct time; not late
eg. I have to go now because I must be punctual for class.
14.renovation(n.) [͵rɛnəˋveʃən]
the act of improving by renewing and restoring
eg.The building has undergone major renovation.
15.dwindle(v.) [ˋdwɪnd!]
to become less in number or smaller
eg.Yet, as earth's other natural resources dwindle, nations eye the Antarctic as a final repository.
16.diagnose(v.)[ˋdaɪəgnoz]
to recognize and name the exact character of a disease or other problem by making an examination
eg.What more will you want to know to diagnose this problem?
17.speculation(n.)[͵spɛkjəˋleʃən]
a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence
eg.The President has gone out of his way to dismiss speculation over the future of the economy minister.
18.violate(v.)[ˋvaɪə͵let]
to break or act against something such as a law, agreement, or principle, or to not respect something that should be treated with respect
eg.Can they be allowed to violate rules and regulations at will?
19.adhere(v.)[ədˋhɪr]
to stick or be attached firmly to a surface
eg.All members of the association adhere to a strict code of practice.
20.endorse(v.)[ɪnˋdɔrs]
to make a public statement of your approval or support for something or someone
eg.The plan does not explicitly endorse the private ownership of land.
21.ceasefire(n.) [ˋsis͵faɪr]
an agreement, esp. between two armies, to stop fighting
eg.It was announced that the groups have agreed to a ceasefire.
22.denounce(v.) [dɪˋnaʊns]
to criticize someone or something strongly and publicly
eg.If you denounce a person or an action, you criticize them severely and publicly because you feel strongly that they are wrong or evil.
23.terminate(v.) [ˋtɝmə͵net]
to end or stop, or to cause something to end or stop
eg.You have no right to terminate the contract.
24.manipulate(v.) [məˋnɪpjə͵let]
to influence or control someone to your advantage, often without that person knowing it
eg.The treasurer was arrested for trying to manipulate the company's financial records.
25.extraction(n.) [ɪkˋstrækʃən]
the process of removing or taking out something / If you say that a person is of a particular extraction, you mean that the person originally came from the stated nation or country
eg.he local economy is overwhelmingly dependent on oil and gas extraction.
to decide that something is true without having complete information or proof
eg.There's so little to go on, we can only surmise what happened.
2.outburst(n.) [ˋaʊt͵bɝst]
a sudden, violent expression of emotion, esp. anger
eg.There was an outburst of laughter in the hall.
3.ovation(n.) [oˋveʃən]
loud clapping that expresses a crowd’s great enjoyment or approval of something
eg.The final piece won her a rapturous ovation from the audience.
4.subsidiary(n.) [səbˋsɪdɪ͵ɛrɪ]
a company that is owned by a larger company
eg.The company placed much money in its foreign subsidiary.
5.representative(n.) [rɛprɪˋzɛntətɪv]
a member of the US House of Representatives; a congressman or congresswoman
eg.He is a representative for a large steel company.
6.recognition(n.) [͵rɛkəgˋnɪʃən]
the fact of knowing who a person is or what a thing is because of having seen or experienced that person or thing before
eg. His recitals have earned him recognition as a talented performer.
7.tarnish(v.) [ˋtɑrnɪʃ]
(of metal surfaces) to become less bright or a different color
eg. Moisture leads to the tarnish of the silverware.
8.obscene(adj.)[əbˋsin]
offensive, rude, or disgusting according to accepted moral standards
eg. His writings were branded as obscene and a blasphemy against God.
9.constitutional(adj.)[͵kɑnstəˋtjuʃən!]
relating to or following the rules of the US Constitution
eg.This chapter will explore the statutory and constitutional implications of these restrictions.
10.assurance(n.)[əˋʃʊrəns]
a promise to tell something to someone confidently or firmly, or a promise to cause someone to feel certain by removing doubt
eg.The young teacher lacked assurance in front of his class.
11.tactics(n.) [ˋtæktɪks]
a specific action intended to get a particular result
eg.His opponent couldn't stand up to his varied and fast-changing tactics.
12.altitude(n.)[ˋæltə͵tjud]
height above sea level
eg.The plane was flying at an altitude of 2000 meters.
13.punctual(adj.)[ˋpʌŋktʃʊəl]
arriving, doing something, or happening at the expected or correct time; not late
eg. I have to go now because I must be punctual for class.
14.renovation(n.) [͵rɛnəˋveʃən]
the act of improving by renewing and restoring
eg.The building has undergone major renovation.
15.dwindle(v.) [ˋdwɪnd!]
to become less in number or smaller
eg.Yet, as earth's other natural resources dwindle, nations eye the Antarctic as a final repository.
16.diagnose(v.)[ˋdaɪəgnoz]
to recognize and name the exact character of a disease or other problem by making an examination
eg.What more will you want to know to diagnose this problem?
17.speculation(n.)[͵spɛkjəˋleʃən]
a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence
eg.The President has gone out of his way to dismiss speculation over the future of the economy minister.
18.violate(v.)[ˋvaɪə͵let]
to break or act against something such as a law, agreement, or principle, or to not respect something that should be treated with respect
eg.Can they be allowed to violate rules and regulations at will?
19.adhere(v.)[ədˋhɪr]
to stick or be attached firmly to a surface
eg.All members of the association adhere to a strict code of practice.
20.endorse(v.)[ɪnˋdɔrs]
to make a public statement of your approval or support for something or someone
eg.The plan does not explicitly endorse the private ownership of land.
21.ceasefire(n.) [ˋsis͵faɪr]
an agreement, esp. between two armies, to stop fighting
eg.It was announced that the groups have agreed to a ceasefire.
22.denounce(v.) [dɪˋnaʊns]
to criticize someone or something strongly and publicly
eg.If you denounce a person or an action, you criticize them severely and publicly because you feel strongly that they are wrong or evil.
23.terminate(v.) [ˋtɝmə͵net]
to end or stop, or to cause something to end or stop
eg.You have no right to terminate the contract.
24.manipulate(v.) [məˋnɪpjə͵let]
to influence or control someone to your advantage, often without that person knowing it
eg.The treasurer was arrested for trying to manipulate the company's financial records.
25.extraction(n.) [ɪkˋstrækʃən]
the process of removing or taking out something / If you say that a person is of a particular extraction, you mean that the person originally came from the stated nation or country
eg.he local economy is overwhelmingly dependent on oil and gas extraction.
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