to decide that something is true without having complete information or proof
eg.There's so little to go on, we can only surmise what happened.
2.outburst(n.) [ˋaʊt͵bɝst]
a sudden, violent expression of emotion, esp. anger
eg.There was an outburst of laughter in the hall.
3.ovation(n.) [oˋveʃən]
loud clapping that expresses a crowd’s great enjoyment or approval of something
eg.The final piece won her a rapturous ovation from the audience.
4.subsidiary(n.) [səbˋsɪdɪ͵ɛrɪ]
a company that is owned by a larger company
eg.The company placed much money in its foreign subsidiary.
5.representative(n.) [rɛprɪˋzɛntətɪv]
a member of the US House of Representatives; a congressman or congresswoman
eg.He is a representative for a large steel company.
6.recognition(n.) [͵rɛkəgˋnɪʃən]
the fact of knowing who a person is or what a thing is because of having seen or experienced that person or thing before
eg. His recitals have earned him recognition as a talented performer.
7.tarnish(v.) [ˋtɑrnɪʃ]
(of metal surfaces) to become less bright or a different color
eg. Moisture leads to the tarnish of the silverware.
8.obscene(adj.)[əbˋsin]
offensive, rude, or disgusting according to accepted moral standards
eg. His writings were branded as obscene and a blasphemy against God.
9.constitutional(adj.)[͵kɑnstəˋtjuʃən!]
relating to or following the rules of the US Constitution
eg.This chapter will explore the statutory and constitutional implications of these restrictions.
10.assurance(n.)[əˋʃʊrəns]
a promise to tell something to someone confidently or firmly, or a promise to cause someone to feel certain by removing doubt
eg.The young teacher lacked assurance in front of his class.
11.tactics(n.) [ˋtæktɪks]
a specific action intended to get a particular result
eg.His opponent couldn't stand up to his varied and fast-changing tactics.
12.altitude(n.)[ˋæltə͵tjud]
height above sea level
eg.The plane was flying at an altitude of 2000 meters.
13.punctual(adj.)[ˋpʌŋktʃʊəl]
arriving, doing something, or happening at the expected or correct time; not late
eg. I have to go now because I must be punctual for class.
14.renovation(n.) [͵rɛnəˋveʃən]
the act of improving by renewing and restoring
eg.The building has undergone major renovation.
15.dwindle(v.) [ˋdwɪnd!]
to become less in number or smaller
eg.Yet, as earth's other natural resources dwindle, nations eye the Antarctic as a final repository.
16.diagnose(v.)[ˋdaɪəgnoz]
to recognize and name the exact character of a disease or other problem by making an examination
eg.What more will you want to know to diagnose this problem?
17.speculation(n.)[͵spɛkjəˋleʃən]
a message expressing an opinion based on incomplete evidence
eg.The President has gone out of his way to dismiss speculation over the future of the economy minister.
18.violate(v.)[ˋvaɪə͵let]
to break or act against something such as a law, agreement, or principle, or to not respect something that should be treated with respect
eg.Can they be allowed to violate rules and regulations at will?
19.adhere(v.)[ədˋhɪr]
to stick or be attached firmly to a surface
eg.All members of the association adhere to a strict code of practice.
20.endorse(v.)[ɪnˋdɔrs]
to make a public statement of your approval or support for something or someone
eg.The plan does not explicitly endorse the private ownership of land.
21.ceasefire(n.) [ˋsis͵faɪr]
an agreement, esp. between two armies, to stop fighting
eg.It was announced that the groups have agreed to a ceasefire.
22.denounce(v.) [dɪˋnaʊns]
to criticize someone or something strongly and publicly
eg.If you denounce a person or an action, you criticize them severely and publicly because you feel strongly that they are wrong or evil.
23.terminate(v.) [ˋtɝmə͵net]
to end or stop, or to cause something to end or stop
eg.You have no right to terminate the contract.
24.manipulate(v.) [məˋnɪpjə͵let]
to influence or control someone to your advantage, often without that person knowing it
eg.The treasurer was arrested for trying to manipulate the company's financial records.
25.extraction(n.) [ɪkˋstrækʃən]
the process of removing or taking out something / If you say that a person is of a particular extraction, you mean that the person originally came from the stated nation or country
eg.he local economy is overwhelmingly dependent on oil and gas extraction.
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